Mark Josephs has worked in the financial services sector. He has a BSc in Information Systems Technology, and an MSc in Decision Support Systems. He has 15 months experience as a part-time seminar tutor at Middlesex, but left to take a funded MBA at The University of Sunderland, and subsequently a funded MSc in Human Resource Management at Sunderland. His current research in IDC is an investigation to determine whether adaptive decision making in crisis-type situations can be improved through training and if so, what kind of training that would be.